Electric Water Heaters 101: How to Know If Your Water Heater Is Working

The hot water in your home is a luxury we often take for granted. But when your electric water heater isn’t working, it’s a major inconvenience. Knowing how to tell if your electric water heater is working properly can save you a lot of frustration and potential plumbing emergencies.
This guide will walk you through the essential signs that your electric water heater is functioning correctly, helping you identify any potential problems early on. We’ll cover everything from basic checks to more advanced troubleshooting techniques, providing you with the knowledge to keep your hot water flowing.

The Basics: Checking for Hot Water

The most obvious sign that your electric water heater is working is that you have hot water. However, there’s a difference between lukewarm water and truly hot water. Here’s how to check:

• Run the Hot Water: Turn on a hot water tap in your kitchen or bathroom. Let the water run for a few minutes.
• Check the Temperature: Feel the water with your hand. It should be comfortably hot, not just warm. If it’s lukewarm or cold, there might be a problem.

Beyond the Basics: Signs of a Malfunctioning Water Heater

While lack of hot water is a clear sign, there are other subtle indicators that your electric water heater might be on the fritz. Pay attention to these:

• Strange Noises: Your water heater shouldn’t be making any unusual noises. If you hear rumbling, popping, or banging sounds, it could indicate a problem with the heating elements or sediment buildup.
• Leaking: A leaking water heater is a serious issue. Check for leaks around the tank, pipes, and pressure relief valve. Even small leaks can quickly escalate into larger problems.
• Rusty Water: If your water has a rusty or reddish tint, it could be a sign of corrosion inside the water heater tank. This can be a sign of a failing tank and needs attention.
• Reduced Water Pressure: If you notice a decrease in water pressure, especially when running hot water, it could mean a problem with the water heater’s inlet or outlet valves.

Inspecting the Electric Water Heater

Now that you’ve checked for the basic signs, let’s get a closer look at the water heater itself. Here’s how to perform a visual inspection:

• Check the Thermostat: The thermostat controls the water temperature. Make sure it’s set to the desired temperature and that the dial is turning freely.
• Inspect the Heating Elements: If you have an electric water heater, you’ll have two heating elements. These are typically located at the bottom of the tank. Look for signs of corrosion, damage, or mineral buildup.
• Examine the Anode Rod: The anode rod helps prevent corrosion inside the tank. It should be inspected every year and replaced if it’s corroded or less than half its original length.
• Check the Pressure Relief Valve: The pressure relief valve is a safety device that releases excess pressure. Make sure it’s not leaking and that the lever can be easily lifted.

Troubleshooting Tips

If you’ve noticed any of the signs mentioned above, here are some troubleshooting tips to help you diagnose the problem:

• Reset the Circuit Breaker: If the water heater isn’t working at all, check the circuit breaker in your electrical panel. Make sure it hasn’t tripped.
• Check the Water Inlet Valve: The water inlet valve controls the flow of water into the tank. Make sure it’s open and not leaking.
• Check the Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve: Ensure the temperature and pressure relief valve is not leaking.
• Flush the Tank: If you suspect sediment buildup, flush the tank. This can help improve efficiency and prevent damage.

Calling a Professional

If you’ve tried the troubleshooting tips above and your water heater still isn’t working, it’s time to call a professional plumber. A plumber can diagnose the problem and recommend the best course of action, whether it’s a simple repair or a full replacement.

Wrapping Up: Keeping Your Water Heater in Top Shape

A properly functioning electric water heater is essential for a comfortable home. By following the tips in this guide, you can monitor your water heater’s performance and catch potential issues early on. Regular maintenance, including flushing the tank and inspecting the anode rod, can help extend the life of your water heater and prevent costly repairs.

Common Questions and Answers

Q: How often should I flush my electric water heater?
A: It’s recommended to flush your electric water heater at least once a year, or more often if you live in an area with hard water.
Q: What is the average lifespan of an electric water heater?
A: The average lifespan of an electric water heater is around 8-12 years.
Q: How do I know if my anode rod needs to be replaced?
A: The anode rod should be inspected annually. If it’s corroded or less than half its original length, it needs to be replaced.
Q: What are the signs of a failing electric water heater?
A: Signs of a failing electric water heater include lukewarm or cold water, strange noises, leaking, rusty water, and reduced water pressure.
Q: How much does it cost to replace an electric water heater?
A: The cost of replacing an electric water heater varies depending on the size and type of water heater. However, you can expect to pay between $800 and $2,000 for a new water heater and installation.